Transformation from Innocence to Knowledge in Mother Comes of Age by Dr

Transformation from Innocence to Knowledge in Mother Comes of Age by Driss Chraibi Driss Chraibi's Mother Comes of Age is an exceptional novel about an Arab woman seeking knowledge of the world. Despite the main character's age, the novel can be described as a bildungsrowan because of her personal growth. This woman develops and matures from a secluded, uneducated woman to an informed activist, proving she is capable of anything. The novel begins with the mother ignorant to modern society. Junior emphasizes this. "No one had ever taught her anything. She was an orphan at six months"(23). "At the age of thirteen, she was married off to a man rolling in money and in morality whom she had never seen. He would have been the age of her father. He was my father"(24). She has been isolated in her home since she was married twenty-two years ago. Her husband went off to work and her sons went off to school. The mother stayed in the home and took care of her family and her house. She rejected any French influence in her home. Her sons were punished for speaking the language. She was content in her innocence. As the boys grew older, they wanted to share their experiences with their mother. They told her stories to help her understand matters too difficult for her to comprehend. When electricity was installed in their home the brothers explained that the magic of a genie allowed for the lights, radio, and telephone to work. Their mother readily accepted their explanations. "'Aha,' mother said, suddenly feeling relieved and happy. 'Like the fakirs and the snake charmers?'"(31) Their mother was not a fool she was just ignorant to such things. At her sons' urging the mother ventured outside for the first time since she ... ...luence in the family. He has come to realize her importance, as well as that of all women. Nagib had first introduced his mother to the outside world. He had planted a seed of knowledge in her that had blossomed. Nagib is proud of what his mother has become and is in awe of her perseverance. The mother was nourished well by her faithful men. By the end of the novel the mother has evolved into an independent woman, unafraid to face the world. She has decided to travel to France to see her youngest son and to broaden her horizons. This is a far cry form the woman who was sequestered in her home for twenty-two years. She has finally been given the opportunity to develop into a woman capable of enjoying new intellectual and emotional realms. Bibliography: Chraibi, Driss. Mother Comes of Age (Three Continents Press). Three Continents Press, 1984.

Bank of America Essay

In a workplace where multiculturalism exists is a diverse and successful workplace. Diversity helps workers and customers to do business freely because majority of customers are comfortable to communicate with people from their own culture. Pacific City Bank a financial company, which is not a diverse bank, has employees from only one culture and this has made way for customers from the same culture to be comfortable to do business with them. From the higher level C.F.O to the vice president of the company everyone is from the same culture. It is positive fact for the customers from the same culture to feel comfortable to communicate and have safety when doing business, but there are many negative effects of not having diversity in a workplace. When your doing business in a multicultural country, it is not viable to stick to doing business only with one culture, as the potential of the company cannot be reached. Customers from other cultures would not be comfortable to do business, a s they cannot understand their language or might feel out of place to do business. Whereas Wells Fargo another financial company, which is majorly known for diverse workplace has more benefits compared to Pacific city bank. Customers are more comfortable to bank with Wells Fargo, as they feel comfortable with the choices of diverse people available to communicate with. Wells Fargo’s main goal is to make their customers comfortable while banking with them. By hiring diverse employees, their workers will understand basic methods on how to act in front of another employee or customer from different cultures. Wells Fargo respects other cultures and policies. The company’s council including the Chairman, C.E.O and other senior leaders meet quarterly to establish goals and set up directions when partnering with committee in the areas where there is diversity and market segment diversity. They ensure there is supporting infrastructure and inclusion- related behaviors as the â€Å"work of all† versus the â€Å"work of a few†.

Principles of Business Management

Question 1 The lowest level of social responsibility is best describes the Interface Company’s current operations. There are no tradeoff between social responsibility and profit. Just usually it does pay for gain more. Always consider how to get maximal profit. How company to be profitable from the economic activities that always putting on the top issue. And do not care about other organization’s social responsibility. Such as obey laws and regulations by legal, abide by principles of right and wrong at an ethical.In the annual meeting, though not usually at a loss for words, but I was had trouble that answer customers questions about the dangers of the materials and processes used by my company. They doggedly persistent but I was hesitant because I know facts of truth that must do not acceptable as publics. For the Interface Company’s current operations definitely be profitable by economic. As to our carpet product material is petroleum-based material and consu med that bring bad effect which is greenhouse gases emitted.Of course carpet is not recyclable that made by this type of materials. And the old carpet is dumped in a landfill. Here's to see how unethical, using raw materials from the earth that mean to plunder the Earth's limited resources. And company do not for environmental protection contribute towards, but to produce non-recyclable products, even waste of land resources and then to landfill waste. You know the Earth's resources are shared by everyone, also requires common protection.On the other hand, Interface generates of dollars in revenue each year, but, in the manufacturing process, it extracts over 1 billion pounds of raw materials from the earth. That showing usually it does pay for try to gain more. However seem do not reach the aims efficaciously, even easily to be reported potential ethics violations caused by undermine ecological environment in the earth surface layer. During the excavation of raw materials, will des troy the surrounding environment, removing vegetation, water pollution, noise and exhaust gases and so on.Furthermore, production or to explore the same time, if the management of front-line staff lack of supervision, it is easy to occur the matter outside the regulatory approvals, such as pollution and environmental damage assessment is beyond the previously acceptable circumstances; hire illegal workers, employee payroll deductions or benefits employees to work in unsafe conditions and so on. There most overlooked here is the law. Moreover Interface is also a profligate water user, requiring millions of gallons a year for its manufacturing process. That amount of water equivalent to 5. 4 Olympic-size swimming pool.These are just wasting resources activities and only adopting follow old-fashion procedures for economic profitable but also those are not smart strategy on operation at all. Question 2 As explain the Interface Company’s environmental vision to task force. I am go ing to revolutionize the relationship between the business and environment. So I would like to use the Five P’s of marketing to sustainability in long-term development. That is refers to: People, Product, Place, Profits and Process. First, the most important people in my business are the people who work with and for me. Hiring the right people is one of the most important things.They are the face of your product to the world as well as the hands behind the scene that make sure everything gets done correctly and on time. As a CEO of Interface I must work hard to develop my employees and to manage them with dignity so they want to work for me. Second, I will revolutionize my product. An idea is open two product lines that respectively adopt two materials which are wool and PET to supersede the petroleum-based materials. I am seeking some materials are environmentally preferable. Then wool is matching my required because it compares to petroleum-based Nylon or Polypropylene as a material for carpets as non-harmful.Wool has excellent durability, can be dyed easily for colorful. Global wool production is approximately only 1. 3 million metric ton per year. So there are not allows extracts raw materials from the earth again and destroy the environment. For example: greenhouse gases emit during manufacturing process. I am seeking some materials can to recycle, reduce, reuse and renew. So as a carpet fiber, make using PET (polyethylene terephthalate) that is extrudes from recycled plastic bottles, contain 100 percent post-consumer recycled content. PET bottles are sorted, ground into fine chips, and then cleaned.These chips are then melted and extruded into fiber and spun into carpet yarn. Every part of the plastic bottle is recycled, including the cap, the label, and the bottle. The cap and the label are used to make carpet cores around which the carpet is wrapped. These are reused over and over again, unlike cardboard cores that would typically be discarded. The actual bottle is then used to make the PET carpet fiber. So that, using recyclable material way can stop dumping the old carpet in expensive land resources. Third, Place: This refers to two views: the outlets where I sell my products and establish manufacturing factories.To former I will set store centre in Canada, Europe and Asia-Pacific whole business district because expensive products should be placed in expensive outlets. The latter, I would like to set up manufacturing factories in Mexico, Hungary and Philippines. For the reasons its’ are near target customers that as soon as deliver goods to all store centre. Moreover is near my offices that I can contact easily and keep monitor. Fourth is the profit. It is refer to product factors are necessary decline cost. It is because adopt wool and PET also can abandon extracts raw materials cost and water cost used for not recyclable carpet.Beside, I will get the good-will through to protect environment. In addition, carpet of diversify of two product lines are benefit for company. Wool natural without harmful hazardous substances appears in air. PET is using waste plastic to recycle as to valuable carpet. Refer to place factor, to formulate pricing strategy such as all stores centre is direct marketing that can avoid the carpet cost raise by agents. And establish manufacturing factories in developing countries for decline cost. Moreover is environmental regulations in these countries generally control on low.So that can avoid oppose if set up in more developed countries. Fifth, process takes into account all of the previous P’s to ensure that each customer has a good experience when they do business with Interface. My process includes everything that I did to get my product to the consumer including all of the planning and paperwork and marketing that it took to do it. Such as strict compliance with local environmental regulations, product quality control, new pricing strategies so on. I must a lso be able to review my procedures to more have to have efficient procedures in place that make my business run as effectively as possible.After revolutionize, there are use easily reenter nature without depositing toxins, also be recyclable into new materials. Net effect on the environment be zero and infinitely recycled during manufacturing process. It take over is use renewable resources and that eliminate all waste steams. According above Five P’s of marketing, Interface can change its processes to be environmentally friendly without compromising the company’s growth. It is absolutely yes developing at environmental vision sustainability. Question3 I would like to create Interface Company's social responsibility management system and relevant policies and procedures.Develop a system to collect and measure social responsibility performance data in line with internationally recognized standards. Then create a communications platform to engage with our stakeholders, aiming to improve social responsibility strategy reporting. Moreover, participate in a broad range of domestic and global corporate social responsibility events, increase our ability to influence the development of social responsibility and build our reputation as a responsible business. Employees are our greatest asset. So that except select and hire ethical employees, train employees to make ethical decisions in ethical climate.I also will provide support and incentives to encourage employee participation. Add more conventional and post-conventional communion by stages of moral development. Interface Company goal of social responsibility is to encourage the company’s actions toward the positive impact of consumer, community and employee responsibility. Companies involved with social responsibility take action to voluntarily eliminate production practices that could cause harm for the public, regardless of whether here are required by law. For example, a plant that uses chem icals could implement a safety inspection checklist to guide taff in best practices when handling potentially dangerous substances and materials. If factories makes excessive noise and vibration could analyze the effects its work has on the environment by surveying local residents. The information received could be used to adjust activities and develop soundproofing to lessen public exposure to noise pollution. I will start to implement our Green Action Plan to reduce energy consumption and manage waste, working with our business partners to build environmentally-friendly practices into our value chain, creating a green industry chain.Through the new carpet of PET, I also helped other industries reduce energy consumption and manage waste, for example recycle industries. Try actively involved in community development. Companies, businesses and corporations concerned with social responsibility align with appropriate institutions to create a better environment to live and work. For exa mple, may set up a foundation to assist in learning or education for the public. This action will be viewed as an asset to all of the communities that it serves, while developing a positive public profile.Interface also needs to involve in philanthropy make monetary contributions that provide aid to local charitable, educational and health-related organizations to assist under-served or impoverished communities. This action can assist people in acquiring marketable skills to reduce poverty, provide education and help the environment. For example, focuses on global initiatives for education, agriculture and health issues, donating computers to schools and those who donated supplies to the disaster. Social development, enterprises can be develop and survive.So that creating shared value for thrive to be profitable and successful businesses. An example of how interact works can be a company-sponsored contest involving a project to improve the management and access of water used by a fa rming community, to foster public health. Interface Companies that engage in socially responsible investing use positioning to exert pressure on businesses to adopt socially responsible behavior themselves. Should be creates an educational dialogue for the public by developing social community awareness.That can use media and Internet distribution to expose the potentially harmful activities of organizations. This kind of collective activism can be affective in reaching social education and awareness goals. Integrating a social awareness strategy into the business model can also aid companies in monitoring active compliance with ethical business standards and applicable laws. I will ensure our business grows in harmony with society. Ensuring our technology is widely accessible and applied in ways that benefit society. I will: To further expand our business coverage and delivers efficiently and extend to remote regions.Develop a diverse set of products and services that satisfy our c ustomer needs. Create a secure and healthy environment for customers. Help those in need by supporting poverty alleviation and education. Contribute to the overall advancement of society and culture. Words: 1860 References Residential Carpet Tile | Simply Green | Environmentally Friendly Flooring: http://www. simplygreencarpet. com/index_files/Page1652. htm everSTRAND: http://www. carpet-inspectors-experts. com/everstrand-smartstrand. htm Carpet – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Carpet#Modern_carpeting_and_installation Wool – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Wool Polyethylene terephthalate – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate#cite_note-16 Carpet. org – Recycled/PET Carpet: http://www. carpet. org/recycled-PET Main Page – Carpet Concept Company Limited: http://www. carpetconcept. com. hk/? main Corporate Social Responsibility Stra tegy and Boards of Director: http://www. exed. hbs. edu/assets/Documents/board-responsibility. pdf

An Exploratory Study Of Attitudinal And Behavioural †Free Samples

Leadership is crucial in every organization that exists today. A great leader can help a team reach the pinnacle of success. On the other hand, a bad leader can misguide the team and adversely impact the team’s performance (Kesidou & Carter, 2018). An effective leader must be capable to make sound decisions and earn respect. It is imperative to understand the leadership qualities that one possesses in order to ensure being a charismatic leader in the future. A good leader must always work towards finding the solution to a problem rather than the other way round. An optimistic leader can keep the morale of the teammates high and create a positive environment at the workplace (Goleman, 2017). It is important that the leader is optimistic to build trust, respect and motivate people to work hard. In the times of a crisis, an optimistic leader will not lose hope but rather motivate his team mates to stay positive and face the situation. For example: Steve jobs is the founder of a leading brand the Apple Inc. Steve Jobs has faced various issues in his entire lifespan. He was diagnosed with a life threatening illness. He was fired from his own organization and very often he did not have the means or resources to have an entire day’s meal. Despite all these adverse situations, he continued to positive and remained optimistic throughout. This helped him make the best out of every situation and such an attitude allowed him to make such a significant mark in the world.   A great leader must be visionary. It is important the leader’s eyes are set on the future and it is easy for him to anticipate what the future might hold. It is essential that the leader looks beyond the present and provides for a solution for future problems of the world. A visionary leader will always be better prepared for the future. Such an attitude helps leader introduce new technologies and set long term future goals. For Example: Elon musk is a true visionary leader. He works hard and builds technologies which have never been seen before. It is only his ability to see through the future and devise strategies that allow him to perform better than his competitors and stand apart. His visions for the world are a source of inspiration for many people across the globe. A charismatic leader automatically draws attention towards himself and creates a set of loyal followers. A charismatic leader is always easy to follow. There is something about a charismatic leader’s personality and aura that makes the leader different from the crowd. Such a leader finds it easy to motivate people and persuade them in the right direction. For Example: Narendra Modi is the current Prime Minister of India. He is a charismatic personality and when he announced his candidature for the Prime Ministerial elections in the country, there was no doubt that he would be elected by a majority vote. Through his charisma and flamboyance, he has participated in various international events, established relationships with many countries and attracted millions of investment in his country.   One of the most important aspects of a leader’s personality would always be the leader’s ability to make quick decisions. A leader would often be put in critical situation where he would have to make decisions on an urgent basis. The magnitude of the decision’s impact may also be massive. Therefore it is imperative that the leader possesses the ability to make quick decisions for himself and his team (Bolman & Deal, 2017). For Example: Dr. Raghuram Rajan who is a renowned economist and currently a professor at the University of Chicago. The man has served as a chief advisor for the IMF and has been the chief of the central bank of India. Raghuram Rajan has changed the face of Indian economy by taking crucial decisions of the country. He revived the interest rates, brought down inflation and this led to the growth of the Indian economy. Being a great leader automatically comes with abundant responsibility. There are a large number of followers who are associated with a great leader. Therefore it becomes the responsibility of the leader to be ethical and create an example in the society (Ciulla, 2014). This aspect is very crucial in order to ensure that no leader has a negative influence on the society. For Example: Ratan Naval Tata who is the founder of the TATA group of companies has not only created a storm by building a solid brand but has also redefined ethics by following the path of righteousness throughout his lifespan. The TATA group of companies has not been a part of any scandal and they have always taken great care to ensure the growth of their stakeholders. My biggest strength is that I am a highly optimistic person. I try to see the best in every situation. I remain positive and I try to spread that positivity across people. I have worked very hard to remain positive and even in terms of a crisis I put efforts to remain positive and handle the situation with optimism. I have always believed that I have a strong personality and I often easily become the center of attention in a group of people. I have worked hard to build this personality. This personality also makes it easier for me get an audience who will listen to me attentively. This has been possible due to many competitions that I have participated in.   As mentioned earlier, that in case of a crisis too, I find it easy to remain optimistic. Therefore it is easy for me to make quick decisions and handle any situation practically. I am easily able to perform a situational analysis of my current condition and find it easy to make a decision that deems to be most appropriate. I often find it difficult to focus on long term goals. My short term visions are very clear and I am of the opinion that I can only aim for the next goal once the goal at hand has been achieved. I need to build this skill in order to be a successful leader. I also find it difficult to remain ethical. I try to make the most profit out of a given situation and I strongly believe that some ends justify any means. This makes me get tempted towards doing unethical activities. However, I now make a deliberate effort to not get lured into the wrong direction. Culture is basically a group of people who have the same history, religion, beliefs, morale and knowledge. Culture holds a massive impact on the individual’s leadership skills. I come from India and here we are taught to give respect to people coming from different backgrounds. This is exactly what makes a positive person. I am empathetic in my behavior due to my respect and understanding of different people. This will positive impact my leadership skills. In the country, we have a massive population and we often have to adjust to the situations that are presented before us. Hence it makes me able to take decisions and see the best in every situation. Steve Jobs in the founder of the Apple Inc. He is an entrepreneur who has inspired millions of people with his innovation, optimism, decision making and effective leadership abilities. My biggest strength is my communication skills. I have always been good at communicating with people and making my voice heard. I try to establish deep relationships with people around me through my communication skills and it also helps me resolve conflicts as and when they arise. For example: Steve Jobs created a loyal team of followers through his oratory skills. Steve Jobs was invited to various universities to deliver speeches because they inspired millions of people. Every leader must have great communication skills (Fairhurst & Connaughton, 2014). These speeches are still available on YouTube and are a source of motivation for people. My next strength is my optimism and my ability to make the best out of every situation For example: Steve Jobs spent days without adequate resources, faced immense failure and criticism, was fired from his own company and even faced terminal illness but he continued to remain optimistic and turned every situation around to the best of his abilities. My weakness is my inability to be forgiving. For Example: Steve Jobs was betrayed by his own people and fired from a business that he started. However, after the establishment of Pixar, he accepted to work with Apple Inc. again. I need to learn this skill and work upon being more forgiving. It is important that one develops leadership qualities at an early stage as the future often presents people with various leadership opportunities. My reason behind working on my skills is to ensure that I become a great leader and leave a significant mark in the society. I need to work upon my ability to remain patient and not become aggressive. I often feel very possessive about myself and my team and I tend to become aggressive in discussions if I truly believe that I am right. I need to work on this skills to ensure better coordination with people in the future. I also need to be able to build long term goals and become a visionary to ensure that I can set long term goals for my team and bring in innovation. This will help me a gain an advantage over my competitors and I will be able to introduce something new in the world. Courses on leadership: In order to improve my leadership skills there are various courses that are available that can be taken. I will register myself for those course and work upon improving my skills. Books by role model: My role model is Steve Jobs and there are various books that have been written that include his journey as a leader. I would read those books and gain learning from the same. Revise goals: I will start working towards setting long term goals and will continue to revise these goals on a daily basis. This will help me get used to making a long term goals for myself and my team. I will also read various books to work on this and use planners to ensure setting a more strategic future goal. Meditate and read: In order to ensure that I remain ethical throughout my career I will work towards doing meditation and reading spiritual books that will help me and guide me in the right direction to remain ethical. External motivation: It is important for a leader to continue to remain positive and motivated. I will read various books and watch motivational videos to remain motivated and inspired throughout. Motivation is temporary and therefore it often requires to be fueled through external sources every now and then. Feedback: In order to consistently improve my leadership skills, I will take consistent feedback from my seniors, family members, peers and juniors. I will do my best to take all the feedbacks constructively and work towards the suggestions given to me. Experience is the best teacher and there is no learning that classrooms can give which experience cannot. Feedback from teachers and friends will help me improve my skills in the right direction and work towards improving upon my weaknesses. Online tests which test one’s leadership abilities are available in abundance throughout the internet. I will take these tests frequently and work upon the feedback received from these tests. Money: I would require money for taking classes and online tests. Time: I need to devote a considerable amount of time to work upon improving my skills Internet: This is required for me to take online tests Books: I would be reading books on leadership to enhance my skills. Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2017).  Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley & Sons. Ciulla, J. B. (Ed.). (2014).  Ethics, the heart of leadership. ABC-CLIO. Fairhurst, G. T., & Connaughton, S. L. (2014). Leadership: A communicative perspective.  Leadership,  10(1), 7-35. Goleman, D. (2017).  Leadership That Gets Results (Harvard Business Review Classics). Harvard Business Press. Kesidou, E., & Carter, S. (2018). Entrepreneurial leadership: an exploratory study of attitudinal and behavioral patterns over the business lifecycle.  International Review of Entrepreneurship. Getting academic assistance from

The good life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The good life - Essay Example d companies that take part in industrialization and manufacturing should take responsibility of controlling the effects of climate change by bearing the negative external costs associated with climate change.1 The richer nations and large manufacturing industries get involved in massive industrial manufacturing, hence leading to massive emissions and pollution that are responsible for the ever increasing amount of green house gases. To maintain normalcy and good life, the discounting rate concept must be proportionately applied. The rich countries that account for the larger share of the global emissions must bear the greatest costs associated with environmental degradation. In order to save the future generations from suffering the harmful effects of the present global climatic change, they must learn to reduce such risks by avoiding activities that negatively affect the environment.2 This can only be achieved by seeking expert advice from economists who would advise them on the cost-benefits analysis of their industrial and manufacturing activities. From an ethical point of view, the economists must take into account the discounting rates that are payable by the environmental polluters. Economists will, therefore, always advice on the importance of reducing the possibility of adverse effects such as environmental pollution from spreading into the future. This implies that the present generation must sacrifice part of its consumption in order to mitigate the impacts climatic

Literature Review on Group Creativity Theory Essay

Literature Review on Group Creativity Theory - Essay Example rt in their field and have strong knowledge to properly guide the design team and create an environment that is conducive to creativity, innovation and stimulation of new ideas (Paulus & Nijstad, 2003). In other words, the art director serves as a project manager, designer and coordinator of all design activities in order to achieve the best possible end-product for the customer. Without a strong art director, a design team may not have clear direction or have the tools necessary to instill creativity and innovation for all projects. Perhaps the most difficult challenge for the art director is to implement a creative environment while balancing the challenges of group creativity theory and all of the variables associated with group dynamics. There are many external, social and psychological factors that can impact a design team’s ability to think creatively. Furthermore, the politics of a creative team can impact the group creativity because individuals begin to compete over whose ideas are more creative. One issue that can arise is an over-abundance of ideas that can actually reduce the positive creativity that is desired within a group collectivity situation (Goncalo & Staw, 2006). In this situation, it is highly important for the art director to utilize the control and organizational power awarded by the position to continue to harbor good ideas while reducing the opportunity for too many ideas to have a negative impact on group creativity. In the end, a choice must be made and the group must push forw ard to produce a strong website that is both creative and to the customer’s approval. Due to socio-psychological issues stemming from criticism in the workplace, there is often a serious issue that confronts group creativity. Many employees shut down their creativity when their own work has been criticized, in which case, directors often avoid criticizing work which negatively impacts the quality and abundance of creativity (De Dren et al., n.d.).

Are We Living in a Moral Stone Age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Are We Living in a Moral Stone Age - Essay Example To illustrate her main argument, the author cites an interview done by Jay Leno in Tonight Show. Based on this interview, Sommers points out that the youth nowadays do not read the Bible, and they cannot tell what is right from wrong. The technique of using the interview is similar to telling an anecdote to attract the interest of her readers. The interview conducted with the two college students serves as the springboard to the discussion. The story attracts the attention of the readers with its humorous yet sarcastic content. The content of the interview also challenges the readers to provide their own response to the interview questions. The interview by Jay Leno functions as logos. It challenges the mind of the readers to think of the right answer to the questions posted by the host. Additionally, the result of the interview provides a basis for the author’s argument. Sommers provides the evidence first before explaining her point. The interview additionally functions as e thos. In particular, the familiarity of the readers with Jay Leno and his program, Tonight Show helps to establish credibility. Sommers relies on the credibility of Jay Leno to initially convince her readers. Nevertheless, even those who are not acquainted with Jay Leno and his show would still give merit to the given example taking into consideration that the show appears regularly on TV, and the interview called â€Å"man-on-the-street† is conducted â€Å"frequently† by the host. Readers may opine that a regular show such as Tonight Show will not stay long on national TV if it is not credible enough. Hence, one can claim that Sommers used a very good example to win her readers’ attention. Sommers further uses ethos as she mentions being a professor of ethics. This technique establishes her credibility in giving opinions on ethical issues. She cites her personal observations to further demonstrate her view. Considering her as a professor, her readers may consid er her insights valuable because they are based on her professional experience. Therefore, informing readers of her position as a college professor makes Sommers a more credible and experienced writer in the minds of the readers. Furthermore, Sommers uses pathos to convince her readers. After identifying herself as a professor of ethics, she expresses her concern for the American youth, saying, â€Å"One of the best things our schools can do for America is to set about repairing it — by confronting the moral nihilism that is now the norm for so many students.† Coming from a professor, this statement demonstrates that Sommers is genuinely concerned about the morals of students. Noting her concern, readers will be convinced of the author’s truthfulness, hence view her as a highly credible writer. Sommers divides her ideas into subheadings. Each subheading hints on a different angle of the issue, which allows the author to expound her ideas further. The first subhe ading is titled, â€Å"Conceptual Moral Chaos.† This part works in two ways. First, it implies the limitations of her scope. Second, it further builds the confidence of her readers on her claim. Reading this part fully will give readers an idea of what Sommers is pertaining to when she claims that â€Å"young people are morally confused.† Her claim about the youth may sound too judgmental for a young reader who would possibly feel skeptical about the claim. However, reading